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Install the Java SDK (JDK) for Android and Eclipse
These instructions apply to someone using Windows 7. However, the Java SDK is available for other operating system platforms, such as Linux, and OS X
Important: At the time of this article (april 2013) all references from the official Google Android development website state that the supported Java version for Android development is still Java 6 SDK.
However, Oracle has since 2012 made it clear that public updates to the Java 6 SDK will be discontinued to the public as the product reaches its End of Life.
The Android Developers website in April 2013. There is still a requirement to use JDK 6 even though the product is considered to be at an ‘End of Life’ stage by Oracle
Therefore this blog now only advises to setup Java 7 SDK. If you plan to keep using Java 6 SDK for Android development, make sure that you understand that you might require paid support from Oracle.
The Java 7 SDK is available from this location.
What we need for Android development is a Java SDK without any enterprise features, so the Standard Edition would be enough.
- Scroll towards the middle of the screen and locate the JDK 7 SE section (search within the page for ‘Java SE 7′)
- Choose the download link under JDK
This will take you to the license agreement and download page. You need to accept the license agreement and then choose your appropriate Windows version.
Make sure that you understand if you are working with a 32 or 64-bit version. If you are using a 64-bit operating system version (usually from higher end, more modern laptops and desktops), you may feel tempted to develop using 64-bit versions of everything.
However, the end result will always be an Android ARM application (32-bit) and this will be our main focus. We will stick to 32-bit in this blog as 32-bit is still the most common type of CPU for development.
What is the Java JRE and is it enough for Android development?
The Java JRE is not meant for Android development. Java JRE is considered an end user runtime environment that will interpret Java executables. Java executables (also known as Java bytecode) are the equivalent of .exe files in Windows that can only be executed but not modified or inspected.
The Java SDK is mandatory as we need all its underlying abilities to make Eclipse and the Android SDK work as a development platform.
Installation
- Make sure that your Windows account has administrative privileges on your PC.
Find out your user name. From the DOS command line, run:
And check whether your user ID belongs to the local administrators of the PC. From the DOS command line, run:
When starting the Java SDK installation, it is a good idea to make a note of the Java root directory (The install to directory)
Any Java applications are dependent on this folder being set in one of your Windows environment settings, so it is good to learn where your SDK is located at all times. It would normally be at:
C:program filesjavajdk<JDK version>_<revision>
- Install all JDK components in full, the only exception is the option called ‘source code’ which is not relevant to Java development.
Also, the ‘Public JRE’ option will install the Java Runtime Environment (JRE) that corresponds to your JDK version and revision.
At the end of your installation, you should see a window like the following:
The message should read ‘Java SE Development Kit <version> update <update number> Successfully Installed
- Confirm that the two most important components (the JRE and JDK) have been installed. From the ‘Uninstall a program’ dialog box in Windows, check that the following two entries exist:
Java (TM) <version> Update <revision>
This is the JRE
Java (TM) SE Development kit <version> Update <revision>
This is the SDK.
- Reboot your PC. It is not a bad idea to reboot your Windows PC after setup of the JDK/JRE
Congratulations!
You have just set up the foundation for Java and Android development and you are on your way to making a difference in mobile applications.
Next step is to install Eclipse
Java supports several devices, applications, and even websites. It is a widely used platform for developing these devices and programs. Java is operating system or device agnostic which means it does not require any specific or particular type of devices or systems. However, executing Java does need a suitable runtime environment where it can be executed efficiently and its libraries, classes, and files are available for execution. This environment is provided by JRE or Java Runtime Environment – a virtual platform for installing, executing, and operating Java. JRE includes a virtual machine that makes the system or the device compatible with Java, thereby enabling its efficient execution by providing all the necessary resources.
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Role of JRE
As stated above, Java Runtime Environment, as the name suggests, is a virtual environment that includes a Java Virtual Machine, or JVM, all the necessary classes of files, libraries, and extensions needed to execute Java based applications and websites. By providing this necessary environment, JRE ensures that there is no need to install all these elements on every device where a Java program is run. Instead, all these elements are readily available on the system if it has JRE installed on it. The Java program or the website simply needs to be executed and all the required libraries and classes are available. JRE is needed for executing Java scripts on websites, Java applets on browsers, and other types of Java based programs with a .Jav extension.
Process of Downloading And Installation
JRE can be easily downloaded from the website of the publisher. It does not require any form of licence or permission and any user can easily download it and install it on their machine. Once download, the installation process is fairly simple. Just execute the installer or the .EXE file and the installation will begin. Follow the instructions displayed on your screen and the JRE will be installed. Once installed, it runs in the background without hogging your system resource. JRE uses minimal system memory and does not affect the performance of the machine on which it is installed. It also does not clog the internet connection while providing the necessary environment for the Java applets and codes.
Key Features
JRE can be installed on any operating system and device. It supports all versions of Windows, Mac, Linux, and Android. It functions smoothly on smartphones, tabs, and computers. Thus, it is system and device agnostic. JRE also supports all the main browsers such as Google Chrome, Internet Explorer, Opera, and Firefox. Its integration with the applets on these browsers is smooth and hassle free.
Benefits of JRE for Users And Programmers
JRE is useful for both users and programmers. Since a lot of websites and programs use Java, JRE allows easy access to them. From the perspective of the programmers, it enables them to develop programs that can be accessed from any type of device, browser and machine.
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JRE is a highly efficient and useful program that makes it possible to execute Java on any machine.